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Uniform Resource Locator is a compact string of characters used to represent a resource available on the Internet. In popular usage and many technical documents, it is a synonym for Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).

Every URL begins with the scheme name that defines its namespace, purpose, and the syntax of the remaining part of the URL. Most Web-enabled programs will try to dereference a URL according to the semantics of its scheme and a context-vbn. For example, a Web browser will usually dereference a https://example.org/ by performing an HTTP request to the host example.org, at the default HTTP port (see Port 80). Dereferencing the URL bob@example.com will usually start an email composer with the address bob@example.com in the To field.

example.com is a domain name; an IP address or other network address might be used instead. In addition, URLs that specify https as a scheme (such as https://example.com/) normally denote a secure web site.

The hostname portion of a URL, if present, is case insensitive (since the DNS is specified to ignore case); other parts are not required to be, but may be treated as case insensitive by some clients and servers, especially those that are based on Microsoft Windows. For example:

https://en.wikipedia.org/ and HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/ will both open same page. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Url is correct, but https://en.wikipedia.org/WIKI/URL/ will result in an HTTP 404 error page.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org

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