<< TRUNC() | FB 2.5 Language Reference | UUID_TO_CHAR() >>
<< TRUNC() | FB 2.1 Language Reference | External functions >>

UPPER()

Available in: DSQL, ESQL, PSQL

Added in: IB

Changed in: 2.0, 2.1

Description

Returns the upper-case equivalent of the input string. The exact result depends on the character set. With ASCII or NONE for instance, only ASCII characters are uppercased; with OCTETS, the entire string is returned unchanged. Since Firebird 2.1 this function also fully supports text BLOBs of any length and character set.

Result type: (VAR)CHAR or BLOB

Syntax

 UPPER (str)

Examples

 select upper(_iso8859_1 'Débâcle')
 from rdb$database
 -- returns 'DÉBÂCLE' (before Firebird 2.0: 'DéBâCLE')

 select upper(_iso8859_1 'Débâcle' collate fr_fr)
 from rdb$database
 -- returns 'DEBACLE', following French uppercasing rules

See also:
CAST()
LOWER()
Firebird Null Guide: Internal functions and directives
and the user-defined (external) function lower()

back to top of page
<< TRUNC() | FB 2.5 Language Reference | UUID_TO_CHAR() >>
<< TRUNC() | FB 2.1 Language Reference | External functions >>